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Basic atomic structure and counting particles

Atomic structure • Atoms and isotopes

Key concepts

What you'll likely be quizzed about

  • Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
  • Protons carry a positive charge, while electrons carry a negative charge.
  • Neutrons are neutral.
  • The number of protons in an atom defines its element and is referred to as the atomic number.
  • The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in shells.

Flashcards

Test your knowledge with interactive flashcards

How many neutrons in an element with atomic mass 12 and atomic number 6?

Click to reveal answer

The number of neutrons equals atomic mass minus atomic number, so 12 - 6 = 6 neutrons.

Key notes

Important points to keep in mind

Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Atomic number defines the number of protons.

Electrons equal protons in neutral atoms.

Atomic mass is protons plus neutrons.

Neutrons affect stability and isotopes.

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