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Understanding potable and pure water treatment

Using resources • Earth's resources and potable water

Key concepts

What you'll likely be quizzed about

  • Pure water consists solely of H2O molecules, free from any dissolved salts, gases, particles, or microorganisms.
  • It reaches this high level of purity through distillation or deionisation.
  • However, absolute chemical purity is challenging to maintain due to exposure to air, which can introduce dissolved gases, and contact with containers, which may lead to trace contaminants.

Flashcards

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Why pH adjustment is performed

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pH adjustment prevents pipe corrosion, improves coagulation efficiency, and maintains water stability during distribution.

Key notes

Important points to keep in mind

Pure water contains only H2O; potable water meets safety and taste standards with some dissolved ions.

Screening protects equipment; sedimentation and coagulation remove fine particles through aggregation and settling.

Filtration removes remaining solids and some microbes; membrane filters capture smaller contaminants.

Disinfection inactivates pathogens; minimizing organic load before disinfection limits harmful by-products.

Adjusting pH and hardness protects pipes and appliances while enhancing treatment efficacy.

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