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Neutralisation and salt formulae: Predict and write salts

Chemical changes • Reactions of acids

Key concepts

What you'll likely be quizzed about

  • Neutralisation is the reaction between an acid and a base.
  • H+ ions from the acid react with OH- ions from the base to form water, reducing acidity.
  • The neutralisation between acids and metal carbonates produces carbon dioxide due to the decomposition of carbonate by the acid.

Flashcards

Test your knowledge with interactive flashcards

How to predict the salt when acid is sulfuric acid and base is calcium oxide?

Click to reveal answer

Calcium sulfate forms because Ca2+ from calcium oxide combines with SO4 2- from sulfuric acid, giving CaSO4.

Key notes

Important points to keep in mind

Neutralisation removes H+ by combining it with OH- to form H2O.

Write the cation first and the anion second when forming a salt formula.

Balance total positive and negative charges using the smallest whole-number ratio.

Use parentheses around polyatomic ions when more than one appears, e.g., Ca(NO3)2.

Acid + metal produces hydrogen gas; acid + carbonate produces CO2.

Recognise common ion charges: Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, Cl-, NO3 -, SO4 2-, CO3 2-.

Check formulas by verifying that net charge equals zero.

Balance neutralisation equations by accounting for number of H+ from acid and OH- from base.

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