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Exercise effects, lactic acid and oxygen debt

Bioenergetics • Respiration

Key concepts

What you'll likely be quizzed about

  • Heart rate increases to deliver oxygen and glucose to muscles more quickly.
  • Blood vessels supplying active muscles dilate, enhancing local blood flow.
  • Breathing rate and breath volume rise, improving oxygen uptake in the lungs and carbon dioxide removal.
  • Cardiac output increases as both heart rate and stroke volume rise, allowing more blood to reach tissues.

Flashcards

Test your knowledge with interactive flashcards

State three immediate physiological changes during exercise.

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During exercise, heart rate, breathing rate, and breath volume increase; arteries to active muscles dilate, enhancing blood flow.

Key notes

Important points to keep in mind

Heart rate, breathing rate, and breath volume increase to supply more oxygen and glucose to active muscles.

Anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid when oxygen supply is insufficient, yielding far less energy.

Oxygen debt equals the extra oxygen required post-exercise for lactic acid oxidation and normalization.

Lactic acid flows into the blood for liver conversion back to glucose.

Muscle fatigue arises from glycogen depletion and lactic acid accumulation, with recovery relying on oxygen availability.

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